Circuits & Components
Component Comparison Table
| Component | Symbol | Function | Common Types | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resistor | R | Limits or regulates the flow of electrical current | Carbon film, Metal film, Wirewound | Ohm (Ω) |
| Capacitor | C | Stores electrical energy in an electric field | Ceramic, Electrolytic, Tantalum | Farad (F) |
| Inductor | L | Stores energy in a magnetic field when current flows | Air core, Iron core, Toroidal | Henry (H) |
| Diode | D | Allows current to flow in only one direction | Zener, LED, Schottky | Voltage Drop (V) |
| Transistor | Q | Amplifies or switches electrical signals and power | BJT, MOSFET, JFET | N/A |
Core Topics
1. Microcontrollers
Compact integrated circuits designed to govern a specific operation in an embedded system. Popular families include AVR (Arduino), PIC, and ARM Cortex.
2. Sensors & Actuators
Sensors detect changes in the environment (light, heat, pressure), while actuators convert electrical control signals into mechanical motion.
3. Power Electronics
The application of solid-state electronics to the control and conversion of electric power, crucial for motor drives and power supplies.
4. Digital Logic
The foundation of digital circuits, utilizing logic gates (AND, OR, NOT) to process binary signals (0 and 1) in microprocessors.